PM152 3BSE003643R1 模拟量输入输出DCS模块 ABB
蒸汽（220°F）或热水（170°F）。有些系统甚至可能使用高温水（350°-450°F）
或中温水（250°-350°F）。高温和中温系统在高温下运行
压力以避免水闪蒸成蒸汽。
在热水系统中，水将通过供应管线从锅炉（B）泵送至散热器（E）。
水从一侧进入散热器，通过一条翅片覆盖的管道，热量来自水
当空气通过翅片时，空气从空间转移到空气中。当水通过散热器时
水的热量损失了。离开散热器的水比进入散热器的水冷。
在离开散热器时，较冷的水将串联连接到其他散热器或返回到锅炉，
这取决于系统的设计。
如果散热器串联连接，水将从连接的散热器的出口流向入口，直到
循环的结束。在回路结束时，它们将连接回主线并返回锅炉。
一些系统可能有多个回路，这些回路将脱离主线，而在其他系统中可能有
专用供应线和专用返回线。使用专用线路设计的散热器将有自己的散热器
供应和返回的进料。所有环路将连接回主线，并终
返回锅炉。与热水锅炉相比，热水锅炉通常不需要安装在特定水平
散热器。
系统变化：
1.系统可能在每个散热器、房间、地板或回路上具有单独的阀门，以隔离区域，具体取决于
设计
2.根据回路的长度，可能只有一个供应泵。
3.系统可以分区，以单独处理每个房间、区域或楼层。
4.系统可以是独立的，也可以是空气处理系统的补充。
蒸汽辐射系统
在这个系统中，水被转化为蒸汽，蒸汽从锅炉中释放出来，并沿管道向上流动到
散热器。散热器独立地连接在主管道之外，高压管道为散热器提供蒸汽
另一侧有一条低线，用于收集已冷凝的水。蒸汽和水将从
散热器连接至安装在斜坡上的第二条管线，以便冷凝水可排放至回流管
用作锅炉的湿供应。多个散热器排水管可以连接到一条主线，但散热器
不会像热水系统那样串联连接。在蒸汽锅炉水系统中，锅炉可以
位于散热器下方至少一层，以便蒸汽可以上升到散热器，水可以流动
下坡返回锅炉。
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IPI在环境中实施可持续节能战略的方法（2017年）
系统变化：
1.系统可能在每个散热器、房间、地板或回路上有单独的阀门，以隔离区域，具体取决于
关于设计。
2.系统可以分区，以单独处理每个房间、区域或楼层。
3.该系统可以是独立的，也可以是另一个空气处理系统的补充。
壁挂式装置
组件/布局：
滤器
迷
管排
加热线圈
恒温器
冷凝水排放
空气流量：
空气通过装置底部的风门进入系统。当空气吸入时，通过过滤器（a）对其进行处理，以：
筛选出任何污染物。这些空气被风扇（B）推入加热（D）和冷却盘管（C），其中
必要时对空气进行处理。然后，空调空气从装置顶部被推入空间。
制冷剂/加热系统
PM152 3BSE003643R1 模拟量输入输出DCS模块 ABB
PM152 3BSE003643R1 模拟量输入输出DCS模块 ABB
either steam (220°F) or hot water (170°F). Some systems may even use high temperature water (350°-450°F)
or medium temperature water (250° - 350°F). The high and medium temperature systems operate under high
pressure to avoid the water flashing to steam.
In a hot water system, the water will be pumped from the boiler (B) through the supply lines to the radiators (E).
The water enters the radiators on one side traveling through a fin covered line where the heat from the water
is transferred to air from the space as the air passes through the fins. As the water passes through the radiators
heat from the water is lost. The water exiting the radiators is cooler than the water that entered the radiators.
Upon leaving the radiator the cooler water will either connect in a series to other radiators or return to the boiler,
depending on the design of the system.
If the radiators are connected in a series the water will flow from outlet to inlet of the connected radiators until
the end of the loop. At the end of the loop they will connect back to the main line and return to the boiler.
Some systems may have multiple loops that will come off a main line, while in other systems there may be a
dedicated supply line and a dedicated return line. Radiators that use the dedicated line design will have their own
feed from the supply and to the return. All of the loops will connect back to the main line and will eventually
return to the boiler. Hot water boilers do not typically need to be installed at a specific level compared to their
radiators.
System Variations:
1. A system may have individual valves on each radiator, room, floor, or loop to isolate an area depending on
design.
2. Depending on the length of the loop there may be only one supply pump.
3. A system may be zoned to treat each room, area, or floor individually.
4. A system may be stand-alone or a complement to an air handling system.
Steam Radiant System
In this system water is turned into steam which is released from the boiler and travels up the pipes to the
radiators. The radiators are connected individually off of the main line, with a high line feeding the radiators steam
and a low line out the other side to collect the water that has condensed. The steam and water will exit the
radiators to a second line that is installed at a slope so that the condensed water may drain to a return pipe that
serves as a wet supply for the boiler. Multiple radiator drains may be connected to one main line, but the radiators
will not be connected in series as a hot water system would be. In a steam boiler water system, the boiler may
be located at least a floor below the radiators so that the steam can rise to the radiators and the water can run
downhill back to the boiler.
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IPI’s Methodology for Implementing Sustainable Energy-Saving Strategies in Collections Environments (2017)
System Variations:
1. The system may have individual valves on each radiator, room, floor, or loop to isolate an area depending
on design.
2. The system may be zoned to treat each room, area, or floor individually.
3. The system may be a stand-alone or a complement to another air handling system.
Wall Mounted Unit
Components/Layout:
Filter
Fan
Coiling Coil
Heating Coil
Thermostat
Condensate Drain
Air Flow:
Air enters the system through dampers at the base of the unit. As the air is drawn in it is treated by a filter (A) to
screen out any contaminants. This air is pushed by the fan (B) into the heating (D) and cooling coils (C) where the
air is treated if necessary. The conditioned air is then pushed out the top of the unit into the space.
Refrigerant/Heating S
PM152 3BSE003643R1 模拟量输入输出DCS模块 ABB
