6SM47L-3000 6SM47L-3.000 伺服电动机 Kollmorgen
建筑中的lue工程假设了当前的问题。它可以
可以是广泛的关注点，如系统，也可以是狭义关注点
例如设备或部件。价值工程过程攻击了现状
分为四个阶段。
1.收集信息。清楚简洁地确定关注项目的目的。然后收集与性能、组成、预期寿命、资源使用、建造成本、构成其职责的因素等相关的信息，
以及用于呈现信息的表格。确定成本高的领域
制造和运行。了解项目的一般情况和
细节
2.开发替代方案。首先问一个问题，我们是否需要
这件事，这项服务？或者我们是习惯还是传统？
如果需要该功能，那么询问，我们还可以如何实现
目标相同吗？我们是否可以合理地降低我们的期望，或者可以接受地降低我们努力的程度？我们能否消除多余的材料（使其更轻或更小）？我们能换一个少一点的吗
昂贵的组装？我们能消除一部分装配劳动吗？我们可以将一系列多尺寸单元标准化为几个吗
组件？
在这个阶段，我们学会了不去批评，不去评价，因为“疯狂”产生了“赢家”不要对你不感兴趣的事情感到沮丧
要有创造力，思想开放。把想法写下来。
3.评估备选方案。开发了不同的想法
做同样事情的方法，现在评估每个备选方案的客观和主观优势和劣势。性能研究
暖通空调工程基础：1部分
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4.一章
相对于建造和运营的成本成本。寻找能以低的总体成本运行良好或更好的替代方案。这
通常是与原始解决方案不同的解决方案。
请注意，仅为降低成本而进行的分析工作是：
这不是真正的价值工程；以小化生命周期为目标
成本经常受到影响。这个国家有足够的建筑物
华丽的装饰和不舒适的居住者证明了这一说法。正如约翰·罗斯金多年前所说：
付出太多是不明智的，但付出太少更糟糕。当你
付出太多你会损失一点钱。当你付得太少的时候，你有时会失去一切，因为你买的东西不能
做它被买来做的事。商业平衡的普通法
禁止付出一点而得到很多，这是不可能的。如果你处理
对于出价低的投标人，好为你的风险增加一些东西。
如果你这样做，你将有足够的钱买更好的东西。
4.销售佳解决方案。这又回到了许多人的弱点
工程师和设计师：他们有伟大的想法，但他们有困难
时间
6SM47L-3000 6SM47L-3.000 伺服电动机 Kollmorgen
6SM47L-3000 6SM47L-3.000 伺服电动机 Kollmorgen
lue engineering in construction presumes an issue at hand. It can
be a broad concern such as a system, or it can be a narrow concern
such as a device or component. The VE process attacks the status quo
in four phases.
1. Gather information. Clearly and succinctly identify the purpose(s) of the item of concern. Then gather information related to performance, composition, life expectancy, use of resources, cost to construct, the factors which comprise its duty, etc. Make graphs, charts,
and tables to present the information. Identify areas of high cost in
fabrication and in operation. Understand the item in general and in
detail.
2. Develop alternatives. First ask the question, Do we even need
this thing, this service at all? Or are we into it by habit or tradition?
If the function is needed, then ask, How else could we accomplish the
same objective? Could we reasonably reduce our expectation or acceptably reduce the magnitude of our effort? Could we eliminate excess material (make it lighter or smaller)? Could we substitute a less
expensive assembly? Could we eliminate an element of assembly labor? Could we standardize a line of multisize units into just a few
components?
In this phase, we learn not to criticize, not to evaluate, for the ‘‘crazies’’ spawn the ‘‘winners.’’ ‘‘Don’t be down on what you are not up on.’’
Be creative and open-minded. Keep a written record of the ideas.
3. Evaluate the alternatives. Having developed ideas for different
ways of doing the same thing, now evaluate the objective and subjective strengths and weaknesses of each alternative. Study performance
HVAC Engineering Fundamentals: Part 1
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4 Chapter One
versus cost—cost both to construct and to operate. Look for the alternative which will work as well or better for the least overall cost. This
will often be a different solution from the original.
Note that an analysis effort solely for the purpose of cutting cost is
not really value engineering; for the objective of minimized life cycle
cost is often compromised. There are enough buildings in this country
with fancy finishes and uncomfortable occupants to attest to this assertion. As John Ruskin said many years ago:
It is unwise to pay too much but it is worse to pay too little. When you
pay too much you lose a little money. When you pay too little you sometimes lose everything, because the thing you bought was incapable of
doing the thing it was bought to do. The common law of business balance
prohibits paying a little and getting a lot—it can’t be done. If you deal
with the lowest bidder it is well to add something for the risk you run.
And if you do that you will have enough to pay for something better.
4. Sell the best solution. This ties back into a weakness of many
engineers and designers: They have great ideas, but they have a hard
time
6SM47L-3000 6SM47L-3.000 伺服电动机 Kollmorgen
